... discount rate. The most powerful tool available is the reserve requirement. The reserve requirement is the percentage of money that the bank is not allowed to loan out. If it is lowered, banks are required to keep less money, and so more money is put out into circulation(theoretically). If it is raised, then banks may have to collect on some loans to meet the new reserve requirement. The tool known as open market operations influences money and credit operations by buying and selling of government securities on the open market. This is used to control overall money supply. If the Fed believes there is not enough m ...

... country imports any product it can be because it doesn´t produce it or because it want´s to give greater variety to certain areas of the market. This last case should be like a stimuli for national producers to produce more and with a better quality and to find ways of having lower costs of production. This aims come to light because, as foreign products enter the market, they may be of a better quality and even cheaper than the national ones. Now, the consumers will have more possibilities to choose from and, it is very probbable that they will choose the cheaper and brand new products. So, if national producers d ...

... if the reader will bear with me, has been instigated. However, it must be understood before the reader continues, the process unravelling before our eyes today, this disaster, is not a recent occurrence. Some economists and political analysts have dated its"birth" to the start of the Russo-Japanese war and the industrialization of the African colonies (imperialism). This being the case, though imperialism is primarily considered a political phenomenon by bourgeoises economists, socialists have cooked deeper into the matter and "unveiled" the economic character of imperialism and it's apparent contradictions (this ...

... in the US are considered 'undeveloped'. The definition is very similar to explanation of wealth and poverty. It also suggests the balance of power between the two countries which are at different stages of development. This definition of development is not totally agreeable because it is quitecommon for a country's national income to grow quite substantially without benefiting the poor sections of the country as much as the rich. In fact further development could elevate poverty. This approach emphasises development now became a synonym for social improvement and could only be measured by the extent to which ...

... production methods. Engineers may also specialize in a particular type of aerospace product, such as commercial transports, helicopters, spacecraft, or rockets. Aerospace engineers may be experts in aerodynamics, propulsion, thermodynamics, structures, acoustics, or guidance and control systems. Employment In 1996, aerospace engineers held about 53,000. More than two- fifths worked in the aircraft and parts and guided missile and space vehicle manufacturing industries. The Department of Defense and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and other Federal Government agencies, provide ...

... insurance (108 million in 1994 ). Half of the middle class able to pay for private health care. · Current Market Status : Most hospitals are state run at very low cost, low tech, and low quality. Private medical facilities are available - highly specialized, charging market rate (not latest technology but provides privacy and intimacy). Treatment of a complex ailment in a private institution is more time consuming and expensive. · Economic liberalization : domestic and multinational companies - more competition · Demography : urban, high income as dictated by upper middle class and elite class, neighborin ...

... and Underemployment. 5. Significant dependence on agricultural production and primary product exports. 6. Dominance, dependence, and vulnerability in international relations. Low levels of living is one of the major obstacles toward development. Low levels of living is comprised of low incomes, high inequality, poor health and inadequate education. The gross national product (GNP) is the most commonly used measure of the overall level of economic activity. The gross domestic product (GDP) measures the total value for final use of output produced by an economy, by both residents and nonresidents. Thus ...

... and incentives to achieve and sustain actuation. Employee empowerment, in its most basic definition, is effective delegation. The new twist that upper management has been trying desperately to achieve, is to involve the lowest level of employees in the decision-making process while making them responsible for the results of their decisions. There have been many documented examples of anxiety, mistrust and complacency in employees when this wave of "new-and-improved, successful management strategies" have been suddenly thrown upon them. Change of any kind will usually inspire resistance, especially when ...

... investment Trustees Division - National Bank of Egypt are: 1 - Promoting and selling the shares of the holding companies in the capital of its affiliated companies: Preparing advertisement campaigns and promotion strategies. Preparing the introductory memo including detailed and analytic information and data on the financial position of the company as well as all financial, legal, administrative and technical aspects. Preparing the company’s tender of specifications. Arranging a direct interview with investors to promote the shares of the company. Marketing and promoting the shares of the companies of ...

... put together to take care of foreign affairs, and didn't allow itself to enforce tax- collecting programs. It established a tax quota, and asked the states to add to the money pot on a voluntary basis. This form of revenue raising only raised about one-fourth of what it asked for in one year. Realizing that this type of government would not work for the union, and facing many rebellions because of taxes and depreciating paper note value, the U.S. began on a task that would remain a difficult one for the next 40 years. They set out on a task to create a Constitution which would provide the nation with wealth, ...