... sought wealth and prosperity upon their arrivals but inevitably found themselves to be members of the lower class. While some groups, such as the Jews, were able to climb the social ladder, other groups faced hostility and racism, hindering their acquisition of wealth. Their movement toward crime can be explained by Cloward and Ohlin’s Differential Opportunities Theory. This states that there are both legitimate and illegitimate means to achieve desired goals. In the immigrants’ case, they “want what American society offers and expects of all – success – yet they are prevented from legitimately ...

... the Crusades. The first Crusade was a great success. Pope Urban II called for all able Christians to join the fight and promised heavenly and earthly rewards. Debts would be canceled and criminals pardoned. Knights and merchants sought after profit. The army marched across the continent and, despite disagreements, took back the Holy Land. They set up four states and introduced feudalism. English people inhabited the land for 200 years. Eventually, the Turks recaptured several important cities and a second Crusade was called for. This time, two kings led their armies to take back the land. This Crusade ...

... middle class. It also gives the military the manpower to become a force. The next problem we should face is our economic crises. We have to stop trade. Canada loses out on almost every deal we make. We can do without bananas and coconuts for a while. Sure some trade is necessary but we should not allow one more gram of our natural resources to cross the border. We do not need to import expensive merchandise. We are one of the most highly educated countries in the world. We have the brain power and the manpower to build our own cars, chainsaws, computers, and military equipment. There are two words to prove it ...

... would become the first major test of how the U.S. would handle its role as the sole remaining super power in this "new world order." There were many challenges facing the Bush administration as to the manner in which they would handle this first major international crisis. The Bush administration had to develop a consensus of the major remaining powers, and appear not acting alone in its response to President Saddam Hussein’s actions of invading Kuwait. They also yearned to keep Israel from being involved so as not to alienate the remaining Middle Eastern nations. Lastly, they faced a domestic dilemma, in ...

... no means! Yet, if it had not been for the law, I should not have known sin. I should not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, "You shall not covet." But sin, finding opportunity in the commandment, wrought in me all kinds of covetousness. Apart from the law sin lies dead. I was once alive apart from the law, but when the commandment came, sin revived and I died; the very commandment which promised life proved to be death to me. For sin, finding opportunity in the commandment, deceived me and by it killed me. So the law is holy, and the commandment is holy and just and good (Romans 7:7-12). ...

... easily. He was the adopted heir of Julius Caesar, and he attained his position and held it without meeting with the same fate as his Uncle Julius Caesar. Augustus had to bring the people to his side and win the support of the military in order to gain his trust from the senate. He had raised his own military. Meanwhile, many of the senate was against Mark Antony, who was the right hand man of Julius Caesar and also wanted to become the heir. The leader of the senate, Cicero, realized Augustus was a useful alley, ordered Angustus to make war on Antony and forced him to retreated to Gaul, but Cicero failed to ...

... along with the wagon trails are the key points in which made it possible to travel west. Those starting from Independence followed the same route as the Santa Fe Trail for some 40 miles, then traveled to the Platte and generally followed that river to the North Platte and then the South Platte. Crossing the South Platte, the main trail followed the North Platte to Fort Laramie, then to the present Casper, Wyo. and through the mountains by the South Pass to the Colorado River. The travelers then went to Fort Bridger, from which the Mormon Trail continued to the Great Salt Lake, while the went northwest across a div ...

... time period that the people of the region went from living a nomadic life to settlement in villages and trading among themselves. When trading large or varying types of commodities you need a method for recording. To meet this need developed a token system for the recording of financial data. These tokens were of varying shapes for various things, two to three centimetres in size, and used for enumeration and keeping track of goods and labour. These tokens eventually had to be stored so they wouldn't be misplaced or lost. To secure them, they were placed in opaque clay envelopes. To indicate what was inside ...

... were opened to the West, and western missionaries were allowed to propagate Christianity in Taiwan. The summaries of treaties signed at that time were: (1) Abolish government monopoly of camphor business, permit foreigners and their employees to freely buy and sell camphor products; (2) Permit foreign merchants to travel freely in Taiwan; (3) Indemnify for the losses of churches, forbid the residents to slander Christianity; (4) Missionaries are given the right to live in Taiwan and propagate Christianity; (5) Complications between the natives and foreigners should be jointly judged by Ch'ing authorities and the ...

... would destroy the freedoms of the people. His work, Democracy in America was not to measure the mastery of United States but to look how France could learn from the emerging democracy that was sweeping the west. It is my goal to learn more about this man and even read this book, Democracy in America. Works Cited "Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859)." DISCovering Biography. 1999. Galenet. 4 May 1999. . Kraynak, Robert P. "Tocqueville's Constitutionalism." The American Political Science Review. 81. Dec., 1997: 1175-1195. Mitchell, Harvey. "Tocqueville's Mirage or Reality? Political Freedom from Old Regime t ...