... on the Ohio Valley land that was claimed by the king. Dinwiddle sent one messenger, but he failed. He gave Washington the order to warn the French on October 31, 1753. His party consisted of an interpreter, a guide, two men that were experienced traders with the Native Americans, and two others. Washington left in November from Cumberland, Maryland, and traveled to Fort-Le Boeuf. When he arrived, he discovered that the French would fight for their land. The party nearly escaped from the French. Washington was next appointed lieutenant colonel to an expedition to the Ohio Valley. In April, 1754, he set ou ...

... to College de Navarre in Paris. Originally, Armand was to have had a military career and his older brother Alphonse was to have a religious life, but Alphonse suffered mental problems so, at the age of seventeen, Armand began to study theology seriously, in order to keep the Bishopric in the family. Armand's mother had fought hard for this title and would not let it go easily. He took to his religious studies easily and because of his health problems was ideally suited to this life. In 1606 then Abbe Armand de Richelieu was appointed Bishop of Lucon and in 1622, Pope Gregory appointed him a Cardinal. Like his ...

... stretched a woman's equal rights to include sexual relationships. It seemed that infidelity was included among these "rights." Her admirers culled quotations from her poetry that, while seeming to be among the most clever, were also among the least sincere. These epitomize the apparent lack of emotional range displayed in her verse. The techniques and topics that many of her verses tackle are as follows: "bitterness, humor, wit, and love" (Adams 519), together with an absolute foreknowledge of their futility. Love, especially, plays a major role as a theme of Parker's verse. Many poems are relating to love ...

... about himself which led him to do things that were no acceptable in today’s standard life. After the death of Vladimir I. Lenin in 1924 Stalin became leader of the Soviet Union where he made many changes to agriculture and industry. He believed that the Soviet Union was one hundred years behind the West and that they had to catch up as quickly as possible. This is where the idea of his "Five Year Plan," came about. The five-year plan basically got the people involved and motivated them into a modern life. From the 5-year plan, 25 million farms were produced which were only big enough to feed the fami ...

... name to stop his progress. In 1796, he changed it permanently to . When Napoleon was nine, his father decided he should go to school in France to get an education befitting their birth. But he didn’t have the money to pay for his schooling. He petitioned the king, Louis XIV, for a scholarship for Napoleon. The king had set up a special fund for the sons of French nobles, granting them money to attend military school. Now that Corsica belonged to France, the Bonapartes were French citizens and were eligible for this scholarship. Napoleon was excited about his future. Still, he was apprehensive. He h ...

... and learning more about the French culture. She then returned to the United States and earned a degree in French literature from George Washington University and graduated in 1951. Jackie’s favorite interest as a child and young adult were reading, sketching, writing poems and short stories, riding horses, ballet and studying the French culture and language (23). Jackie’s first job was the “Inquiring Camera Girl� for the Washington Times-Herald. She would spend her working day walking around the city with her camera capturing citizens’ reactions to issues of the day. At a Georgetown dinner party, J ...

... "Dizzy" Gillespie was a trumpet player, composer, bandleader and politician of mostly the early 40's to mid 50's. This was a time period in Jazz called Bebop, Bop or sometimes known as Rebop. Bebop got its name from the musical language musicians would speak to one another while trying to explain a rhythm. "Bop, Bop, Doba sho ba, Bop, Bop." this was also a common style of singing which was first introduced by Louis Armstrong, called scatting (Kerfeld, 137). This fast tempo music was pioneered by saxophonist Charlie Parker, drummer Max Roach, pianist Thelonious Monk and trumpeter "Dizzy" Gillespie. Gill ...

... James “Bubber” Miley, Ellington often incorporated in his music the jungle effect. This effect was made by placing a plunger at the opening of a brass instrument, therefore, muffling or muting the notes played out. The result sounded like a person wailing, giving the piece a voice-like quality. In “Concerto for Cootie,” Cootie Williams does a solo using the jungle effect, making it sound like a voice is singing along. His opening solo is repetitive, going over the same set of notes over and over again. The overall feeling is as if the music is wooing the listener. Ellington's o ...

... Black self-help. Thomas grew up not knowing his biological father but recalls his “grandfather as the greatest single influence in his life�. The only time he wore shoes were to go to school, he also worked six hours a day at his family owned icehouse and fuel station, in addition to schooling. He also had other chores that included raising chickens, pigs and cattle; cleaning house as well as the yard. He credits these lessons early in life of hard work and self-reliance for giving him the drive to be where he is today. His grandfather, who could not read, sent him to a Catholic school run by a group of White nu ...

... was to the point where a flight across the Atlantic might actually be possible. Lindbergh was one that thought it could be done. After securing $15,000 from the head of the St. Louis Chamber of Commerce, Lindbergh started searching for a plane to make the transatlantic journey. Rather then go with a multi-engine plane like many other aviators were going with, he felt that it only increased the chance of an engine failing. He also wanted the plane to weigh as little as possible, thus increasing the flight range. This also meant he would be going alone. By 1927, Ryan Airlines offered to build him a single-engine plane ...